Among the total population of the state about 65% are tribal notably Adi, Nishi and Monpa with Tibetan or of Thai-Burmese origin, who had a heritage of a diverse and rich culture, language and beliefs and the remaining 35% of people are immigrants, including immigrants from the neighboring states of India and Bangladesh

The literacy of the State rose to 54.74% from 41.59% in 1991.

About 50% of state population follow the Donyi-Polo religion. 42% follow Hinduism and Buddhism and the remainder follows Christianity and Islam